Williamson JM, Thorn CC, Spalding D, Williamson RC. Pancreatic and peripancreatic somatostatinomas. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2011 Jul. 93(5):356-60. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Ellison TA, Edil BH. The current management of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Adv Surg. 2012. 46:283-96. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Boden G, Shimoyama R. Somatostatinoma. Cohen S, Soloway RD, eds. Hormone-Producing Tumors of the Gastrointestinal Tract. New York, NY: Churchill Livingstone; 1985. 85.
Norton JA, Levin B, Jensen RT. Cancer of the endocrine system. DeVita VT, Hellman S, Rosenberg SA, eds. Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Lippincott-Raven; 1993. 1333-435.
Yeo CJ. Neoplasms of the endocrine pancreas. Greenfield LJ, Mulholland MW, Oldham KT, eds. Surgery: Scientific Principles and Practice. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2001. 899-913.
Williamson JM, Thorn CC, Spalding D, Williamson RC. Pancreatic and peripancreatic somatostatinomas. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2011 Jul. 93(5):356-60. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Larsson LI, Hirsch MA, Holst JJ, et al. Pancreatic somatostatinoma. Clinical features and physiological implications. Lancet. 1977 Mar 26. 1(8013):666-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Ganda OP, Weir GC, Soeldner JS. "Somatostatinoma": a somatostatin-containing tumor of the endocrine pancreas. N Engl J Med. 1977 Apr 28. 296(17):963-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Krejs GJ, Orci L, Conlon JM, et al. Somatostatinoma syndrome. Biochemical, morphologic and clinical features. N Engl J Med. 1979 Aug 9. 301(6):285-92. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Colovic RB, Matic SV, Micev MT, et al. Two synchronous somatostatinomas of the duodenum and pancreatic head in one patient. World J Gastroenterol. 2009 Dec 14. 15(46):5859-63. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
French JB, Pawa R. Somatostatinoma of the ampulla: An incidental postoperative finding following colorectal cancer resection. ACG Case Rep J. 2016 Jan. 3(2):109-11. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Yamamoto R, Kato S, Maru T, et al. The coexistence of somatostatinoma and gastrointestinal stromal tumor in the duodenum of a patient with Von Recklinghausen's disease. Intern Med. 2016. 55(6):617-22. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Bhandari R, Riddiough G, Lokan J, Weinberg L, Efthymiou M, Nikfarjam M. Somatostatinoma of the minor papilla treated by local excision in a patient with neurofibromatosis type 1. JOP. 2015 Jan 31. 16(1):81-4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Tanaka S, Yamasaki S, Matsushita H, et al. Duodenal somatostatinoma: a case report and review of 31 cases with special reference to the relationship between tumor size and metastasis. Pathol Int. 2000 Feb. 50(2):146-52. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Stelow EB, Woon C, Pambuccian SE, et al. Fine-needle aspiration cytology of pancreatic somatostatinoma: the importance of immunohistochemistry for the cytologic diagnosis of pancreatic endocrine neoplasms. Diagn Cytopathol. 2005 Aug. 33(2):100-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Mori Y, Sato N, Taniguchi R, et al. Pancreatic somatostatinoma diagnosed preoperatively: report of a case. JOP. 2014 Jan 10. 15(1):66-71. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Barresi L, Tarantino I, Ligresti D, et al. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration diagnosis of mixed endocrine somatostatinoma of the minor papilla in von Recklinghausen disease. Endoscopy. 2014. 46 suppl 1 UCTN:E664-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Ellison TA, Edil BH. The current management of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Adv Surg. 2012. 46:283-96. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Machado MC. Surgical treatment of pancreatic endocrine tumors in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2012. 67 Suppl 1:145-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Anene C, Thompson JS, Saigh J, et al. Somatostatinoma: atypical presentation of a rare pancreatic tumor. Am J Gastroenterol. 1995 May. 90(5):819-21. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Angeletti S, Corleto VD, Schillaci O, et al. Use of the somatostatin analogue octreotide to localise and manage somatostatin-producing tumours. Gut. 1998 Jun. 42(6):792-4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Berger JF, Laissy JP, Limot O, et al. Differentiation between multiple liver hemangiomas and liver metastases of gastrinomas: value of enhanced MRI. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 1996 May-Jun. 20(3):349-55. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Bieligk S, Jaffe BM. Islet cell tumors of the pancreas. Surg Clin North Am. 1995 Oct. 75(5):1025-40. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Caiazzo R, Mariette C, Piessen G, et al. [Type I neurofibromatosis, pheochromocytoma and somatostatinoma of the ampulla. Literature review] [French]. Ann Chir. 2006 Jul-Aug. 131(6-7):393-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Chetty R, Vajpeyi R. Vasculopathic changes, a somatostatin-producing neuroendocrine carcinoma and a jejunal gastrointestinal stromal tumor in a patient with type 1 neurofibromatosis. Endocr Pathol. 2009 Fall. 20(3):177-81. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Dayal Y, Tallberg KA, Nunnemacher G, et al. Duodenal carcinoids in patients with and without neurofibromatosis. A comparative study. Am J Surg Pathol. 1986 May. 10(5):348-57. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Debas HT, Mulvihill SJ. Neuroendocrine gut neoplasms. Important lessons from uncommon tumors. Arch Surg. 1994 Sep. 129(9):965-71; discussion 971-2. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Fendrich V, Ramaswamy A, Slater EP, Bartsch DK. Duodenal somatostatinoma associated with Von Recklinghausen's disease. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg. 2004. 11(6):417-21. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Fraker DL, Alexander HR. The surgical approach to endocrine tumors of the pancreas. Semin Gastrointest Dis. 1995 Apr. 6(2):102-13. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Friesen SR. Update on the diagnosis and treatment of rare neuroendocrine tumors. Surg Clin North Am. 1987 Apr. 67(2):379-93. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Frilling A, Malago M, Martin H, Broelsch CE. Use of somatostatin receptor scintigraphy to image extrahepatic metastases of neuroendocrine tumors. Surgery. 1998 Dec. 124(6):1000-4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Gibril F, Doppman JL, Jensen RT. Recent advances in the treatment of metastatic pancreatic endocrine tumors. Semin Gastrointest Dis. 1995 Apr. 6(2):114-21. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Gibril F, Reynolds JC, Doppman JL, et al. Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy: its sensitivity compared with that of other imaging methods in detecting primary and metastatic gastrinomas. A prospective study. Ann Intern Med. 1996 Jul 1. 125(1):26-34. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Glover JR, Shorvon PJ, Lees WR. Endoscopic ultrasound for localisation of islet cell tumours. Gut. 1992 Jan. 33(1):108-10. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Goudet P, Murat A, Binquet C, et al. Risk factors and causes of death in MEN1 disease. A GTE (Groupe d'Etude des Tumeurs Endocrines) cohort study among 758 patients. World J Surg. 2010 Feb. 34(2):249-55. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Grant CS, van Heerden J, Charboneau JW, et al. Insulinoma. The value of intraoperative ultrasonography. Arch Surg. 1988 Jul. 123(7):843-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Gunther RW, Klose KJ, Ruckert K, et al. Localization of small islet-cell tumors. Preoperative and intraoperative ultrasound, computed tomography, arteriography, digital subtraction angiography, and pancreatic venous sampling. Gastrointest Radiol. 1985. 10(2):145-52. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Hammond PJ, Jackson JA, Bloom SR. Localization of pancreatic endocrine tumours. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1994 Jan. 40(1):3-14. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
He X, Wang J, Wu X, Kang L, Lan P. Pancreatic somatostatinoma manifested as severe hypoglycemia. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis. 2009 Jun. 18(2):221-4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Heitz PU, Kasper M, Polak JM, Kloppel G. Pancreatic endocrine tumors. Hum Pathol. 1982 Mar. 13(3):263-71. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Hendi JM, Horton KM, Fishman EK. Somatostatinoma of the ampulla and appendical carcinoid in a patient with von Recklinghausen disease. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2005 May-Jun. 29(3):418-9.
House MG, Yeo CJ, Schulick RD. Periampullary pancreatic somatostatinoma. Ann Surg Oncol. 2002 Nov. 9(9):869-74. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Kimura R, Hayashi Y, Takeuchi T. Large duodenal somatostatinoma in the third portion associated with severe glucose intolerance. Intern Med. 2004 Aug. 43(8):704-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Kirkwood KS, Debas HT. Neuroendocrine tumors: common presentations of uncommon diseases. Compr Ther. 1995 Dec. 21(12):719-25. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Kloppel G, Anlauf M. Epidemiology, tumour biology and histopathological classification of neuroendocrine tumours of the gastrointestinal tract. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2005 Aug. 19(4):507-17.
Konomi K, Chijiiwa K, Katsuta T, Yamaguchi K. Pancreatic somatostatinoma: a case report and review of the literature. J Surg Oncol. 1990 Apr. 43(4):259-65. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Krausz Y, Bar-Ziv J, de Jong RB, et al. Somatostatin-receptor scintigraphy in the management of gastroenteropancreatic tumors. Am J Gastroenterol. 1998 Jan. 93(1):66-70. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Lamberts SW, Bakker WH, Reubi JC, Krenning EP. Somatostatin-receptor imaging in the localization of endocrine tumors. N Engl J Med. 1990 Nov 1. 323(18):1246-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Levy-Bohbot N, Merle C, Goudet P. Prevalence, characteristics and prognosis of MEN 1-associated glucagonomas, VIPomas, and somatostatinomas: study from the GTE (Groupe des Tumeurs Endocrines) registry. Gastroenterol Clin Biol. 2004 Nov. 28(11):1075-81. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Lillemoe KD, Kaushal S, Cameron JL, et al. Distal pancreatectomy: indications and outcomes in 235 patients. Ann Surg. 1999 May. 229(5):693-8; discussion 698-700. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Madeira I, Terris B, Voss M, et al. Prognostic factors in patients with endocrine tumours of the duodenopancreatic area. Gut. 1998 Sep. 43(3):422-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Mansour JC, Chen H. Pancreatic endocrine tumors. J Surg Res. 2004 Jul. 120(1):139-61. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Marcial MA, Pinkus GS, Skarin A, et al. Ampullary somatostatinoma: psammomatous variant of gastrointestinal carcinoid tumor--an immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study. Report of a case and review of the literature. Am J Clin Pathol. 1983 Nov. 80(5):755-61. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Maton PN. The use of the long-acting somatostatin analogue, octreotide acetate, in patients with islet cell tumors. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 1989 Dec. 18(4):897-922. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Menegaux F, Schmitt G, Mercadier M, Chigot JP. Pancreatic insulinomas. Am J Surg. 1993 Feb. 165(2):243-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Metz DC. Diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Semin Gastrointest Dis. 1995 Apr. 6(2):67-78. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Moore NR, Rogers CE, Britton BJ. Magnetic resonance imaging of endocrine tumours of the pancreas. Br J Radiol. 1995 Apr. 68(808):341-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Mozell E, Stenzel P, Woltering EA, et al. Functional endocrine tumors of the pancreas: clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment. Curr Probl Surg. 1990 Jun. 27(6):301-86. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Norton JA, Sigel B, Baker AR, et al. Localization of an occult insulinoma by intraoperative ultrasonography. Surgery. 1985 Mar. 97(3):381-4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Pelley RJ, Bukowski RM. Recent advances in diagnosis and therapy of neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. Curr Opin Oncol. 1997 Jan. 9(1):68-74. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Phan GQ, Yeo CJ, Cameron JL, et al. Pancreaticoduodenectomy for selected periampullary neuroendocrine tumors: fifty patients. Surgery. 1997 Dec. 122(6):989-96; discussion, 996-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Rosch T, Lightdale CJ, Botet JF, et al. Localization of pancreatic endocrine tumors by endoscopic ultrasonography. N Engl J Med. 1992 Jun 25. 326(26):1721-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Saifuddin T, Linder C, Banerjee B. Duodenal somatostatinoma presenting as upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Am J Gastroenterol. 1999 May. 94(5):1405-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Sawady J, Katzin WE, Mendelsohn G, Aron DC. Somatostatin-producing neuroendocrine tumor of the ampulla (ampullary somatostatinoma). Evidence of prosomatostatin production. Am J Clin Pathol. 1992 Mar. 97(3):411-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Schillaci O, Annibale B, Scopinaro F, et al. Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy of malignant somatostatinoma with indium-111-pentetreotide. J Nucl Med. 1997 Jun. 38(6):886-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Suzuki H, Kuwano H, Masuda N, et al. Diagnostic usefulness of FDG-PET for malignant somatostatinoma of the pancreas. Hepatogastroenterology. 2008 Jul-Aug. 55(85):1242-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Swinburn BA, Yeong ML, Lane MR, et al. Neurofibromatosis associated with somatostatinoma: a report of two patients. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1988 Apr. 28(4):353-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Takizawa H, Kaneko H, Koike M, et al. Small duodenal somatostatinoma with high plasma somatostatin level. Am J Gastroenterol. 1997 Jun. 92(6):1063-4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Tjon A Tham RT, Jansen JB, Falke TH, Lamers CB. Imaging features of somatostatinoma: MR, CT, US, and angiography. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 1994 May-Jun. 18(3):427-31. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Townsend CM Jr, Thompson JC. The clinical use of gastrointestinal hormones for alimentary tract disease. Adv Surg. 1996. 29:79-92. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Udelsman R, Yeo CJ, Hruban RH, et al. Pancreaticoduodenectomy for selected pancreatic endocrine tumors. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1993 Sep. 177(3):269-78. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Vinik AI, Delbridge L, Moattari R, et al. Transhepatic portal vein catheterization for localization of insulinomas: a ten-year experience. Surgery. 1991 Jan. 109(1):1-11; discussion 111. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Vinik AI, Strodel WE, Eckhauser FE, et al. Somatostatinomas, PPomas, neurotensinomas. Semin Oncol. 1987 Sep. 14(3):263-81. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Zhang B, Xie QP, Gao SL, Fu YB, Wu YL. Pancreatic somatostatinoma with obscure inhibitory syndrome and mixed pathological pattern. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 2010 Jan. 11(1):22-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Zakaria A, Hammad N, Vakhariya C, Raphael M. Somatostatinoma presented as double-duct sign. Case Rep Gastrointest Med. 2019. 2019:9506405. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Thavaraputta S, Graham S, Rivas Mejia AM, Lado-Abeal J. Duodenal somatostatinoma presenting as obstructive jaundice with the coexistence of a gastrointestinal stromal tumour in neurofibromatosis type 1: a case with review of the literature. BMJ Case Rep. 2019 Jan 10. 12(1):[QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Przybylik-Mazurek E, Palen J, Pasternak-Pietrzak K, Sowa-Staszczak A, Brzozowska-Czarnek A, Hubalewska-Dydejczyk A. Coexistence of neurofibromatosis type 1 with multiple malignant neoplasia. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2018 Sep. 39(3):149-55. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].