Interpretation of crystal structure determinations
Interpretation of crystal structure determinations
Interpretation of crystal structure determinations
This note is an
illustration of the basic principles of X-ray crystal and provides an overview
of the successive stages of a crystal structure determination. Topics covered
includes:crystallization, diffraction, structure determination, symmetry,
intramolecular geometry, including thermal motion analysis, graphics, intermolecular geometry, including hydrogen bonding, miscellaneous
subjects, including powder diffraction, graph sets, twinning, absolute
configuration, data bases, validation, -ray crystallography and chemical
bonding.
This PDF covers the following topics related to
Crystallization and Materials Science of Modern Artificial and Natural Crystals
: Crystallographic Observation and Delamination Damage Analyses for Thermal
Barrier Coatings Under Thermal Exposure, Nucleation and Crystal Growth in Phase
Separated Glasses in the Lithium Silicate System, Elaboration of a Specific
Class of Metamaterial: Glass in Single Crystal, Inorganic/Organic Materials for
High Technology, Effect of Amino Acid Additives on Crystal Growth Parameters and
Properties of Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate Crystals, Topochemical Conversion of
Inorganic–Organic Hybrid Compounds into Low-Dimensional Inorganic Nanostructures
with Smart Control in Crystal-Sizes and Shapes, Synthesis of Cobalt-Zinc
Phosphates Templated by Polyamines , Biomineralization, Unusual Crystal
Formation in Organisms - Exceptions that Confirm Biomineralization Rules,
Biomimetic and Bioinspired Crystallization with Macromolecular Additives,
Crystal Growth for Health Protection, etc.
This book, presents new insights
to the reader, as well as crucial and very useful information for researchers
working in this field, while simultaneously creating a comprehensive text about
crystallization processes which may serve as a starting point for people with
different backgrounds.
This note covers the
following topics: Structural Dilemma -Isomers, X-Ray results, Crystal lattice
and unit cell, Unit cell choice, The seven crystal systems, Space groups in 3D,
Bragg’s law, Orthorhombic direct and reciprocal cell, Reciprocal lattice, Ewald
sphere, X-Ray diffractometer.
This lecture covers the following topics: X-ray diffraction:
symmetry, space groups, geometry of diffraction, structure factors, phase
problem, direct methods, Patterson methods, electron density maps, structure
refinement, how to grow good crystals, powder methods, limits of X-ray
diffraction methods, and structure data bases.
This note covers the following topics: Bravais lattice,
Atom positions, crystal directions and Miller indices, Description of crystal
structures, Close packed structures: hexagonal close packing and cubic close
packing, Coordination number, Octahedral and tetrahedral vacancies, Defects in
crystalline solids.
This is a fascinating text that will greatly appeal
to enthusiasts of mineralogy and gemmology, this scarce book will make a great
addition to any such collection of literature. Chapters contained within this
text include: Identification of crystals under the microscope, Origin of
anisotropic properties of crystals, The use of X-rays, Electron density
maps, Molecular type and arrangement deduced from anisotropic properties of
crystals, Limitations of X-ray methods, Use of X-ray diffraction patterns for
identification.