This note explains the following
topics: The language of set theory and well-formed formulas, Classes vs. Sets,
Notational remarks, Some axioms of ZFC and their elementary, Consequences, From
Pairs to Products, Relations, Functions, Products and sequences, Equivalence
Relations and Order Relations, Equivalence relations, partitions and
transversals, A Game of Thrones, Prisoners and Hats, Well-orders, Well-founded
relations and the Axiom of Foundation, Natural Numbers, The construction of the
set of natural numbers, Arithmetic on the set of natural numbers, Equinumerosity,
Finite sets, To infinity and beyond, Construction of various number systems,
Integers, Rational numbers, Real numbers, Ordinal numbers.
This PDF covers the
following topics related to Set Theory : Introduction, Well-orders and
Ordinals, Classes and Transfinite Recursion, Cardinals, Zorn’s Lemma,
Ramsey’s Theorem, Lo´s’s Theorem, Cumulative Hierarchy, Relativization,
Measurable Cardinals, Godel’s Constructible Universe, Banach-Tarski
Paradox.
Goal of these notes is to introduce both some of the basic tools in the
foundations of mathematics and gesture toward some interesting philosophical
problems that arise out of them. Topics covered includes: Axioms and
representations, Backbones and problems, advanced set theory.